C/E/250. Gender Bias in Development Theory and the Role of Women in Economic Development

The paper examines the gender bias in the development theory tracing when and how the development theory initially began to address the issue of gender inequalities. The role of women in the economic development of the Third World countries is examined discussing country specific examples.

E/S/15. Does self-esteem influence attitudes to fashion, grooming and sociability?

The paper examines the correlation between individual self-esteem and grooming habits, sociability and attitudes to fashion in men and women. Academic literature is reviewed providing information on self-esteem, body image, social identity, theories of fashion, etc. A study of attitudes towards grooming, fashion and social life is conducted among university students using primary research methods (questionnaire) and comparative data analysis. Conclusions are made on the basis of research findings.

P/S/137. Are men victimised in modern society?

The paper argues whether men are unfairly disadvantaged in modern society examining the background of this assumption, the implications of policies aimed to promote equal opportunities, the changes in the workforce demographic, etc. Theoretical approaches to the concept of ‘norm’ and ‘unmarkedness’ are discussed in the context of masculinity and race.

P/S/135. EU legislation on gender equality: pros and cons

The paper examines the issues of gender equality promoted by the European Union reviewing related legislation and discussing the implications of the EU regulations for its member states. The problems and disagreements over some sex related provisions are reviewed including the disagreement between the EU and the UK over the application of the equal pay principle, the ambiguity of the new right for both men and women to take parental leave, etc.

P/S/134. Differences in communication styles of men and women

The paper examines the gender aspects of communication discussing the differences in male and female language styles and non-verbal communication. Academic literature is reviewed on the paralinguistic features, i.e. kinesic (related to body movements), haptic (tactile), etc. and linguistic features of verbal behaviour in men and women.

P/MD/86. Women soldiers: reality and fiction

The paper reviews the Hollywood film ‘Star ship troopers’ discussing its main themes and examining the emergence of a woman warrior character. The gender aspects of the equal status of men and women are considered reporting on female participation in military organisations, highlighting the issues of sexual harassment in military and reviewing fictional representation of relations between men and women in military organisations.

P/S/129. Moll Flanders: character sketch and historical insight into female criminality

The paper reviews the novel “Moll Flanders” by Daniel Defoe discussing whether or not the heroine could be considered as a typical eighteenth-century female criminal. Socio-historical attitudes to women are reviewed arguing the influence of the fictional characters on women’s upbringing of the period, the motivations behind theft among females, the practices of pawn-broking, etc.

P/S/128. Women’s sexual activity: socio-historical insight

The paper examines the position of women in the early modern society reviewing social and cultural roots of their inferiority to men. The issues of women’s sexual activity, husbands’ conjugal rights, adultery, childbirth, etc. are discussed in historical and societal context.

P/MD/85. Gender roles in American culture of 1970s: film review

The paper examines the American cinema of the 1970s reviewing Woody Allen's film "Annie Hall" from the perspective of its content and cinematic techniques. The theme of reversing gender roles is discussed in the context of American social and cultural changes during the 1970s.

P/S/126. Gender inequality and women’s empowerment strategies

The paper examines cultural and social factors behind gender inequality looking at the role of women during the First and Second World Wars and the feminist movement that challenged female stereotypes. Attitudes to women in the developing countries of Asia are described; the ways of women’s empowerment and the strategies to increase their government representation are reviewed.

P/L/129. Domestic violence towards women: causes and protection

The paper addresses the issue of domestic violence providing its definition and discussing it with respect to women victims. The reasons behind domestic violence are examines on the basis of a literature review; legislation on domestic violence is discussed highlighting the role of the government and offering recommendations to improve current policies related to domestic violence.

P/S/122. Gender aspects of crime and criminal justice

The paper examines the gender aspects of crime and criminal justice reviewing statistics of male/female offenders in England and Wales, and discussing the reasons why women commit fewer crimes and why they are treated differently from men by the criminal justice system.

P/MD/73. Film review: issues of race and gender in Asian ethnical minorities

The paper reviews the film ‘Bend it like Beckham’ directed by Gurinder Chadha in 2002 and touching upon the gender and racial issues facing South Asian immigrants to Britain. The themes of ethnical minority families, femininity, Asia-based stereotypes, etc. are discussed.

P/S/120. Female manager: cross-cultural myths and reality

The paper examines the role of expatriate female managers reviewing theories related to the topic, and critically evaluating the equity and the complementary approaches to women in management. Attitudes of women of different ethnic backgrounds are compared discussing stereotypical ‘myths’ about female social roles and gender inequality in business.

P/S/117. Is there a correlation between age, gender and exercise?

The paper examines the effect of age and gender on the participation in physical activity reviewing statistical data and conducting a study to identify the amount of weekly exercise in males and females before and after 50. Primary data is obtained through a questionnaire among the focus group participants. Conclusions are made on the basis of the research findings about the interaction between age, gender and exercise.

P/PS/70. Psychological issues of gender: theoretical review

The paper examines the role of essentialist and non-essentialist theories in understanding psychological issues of gender. Literature related to gender studies is reviewed including the theory of biological determinism, Freudian theory of personality development, cognitive-developmental theory, feminist theory, etc.

P/S/115. Causes of under-representation of women in top executive jobs

The paper addresses the issue of the small representation of women in top executive jobs reviewing academic literature related to the obstacles that women face in moving to senior managerial positions, known as the ‘glass ceiling’. The review covers biological and sociological gender-centred theories, network theory, mentoring theory, etc.

P/H/71. Reasons behind medieval witch hunts

The paper examines the reasons behind medieval witch hunts discussing the issues of gender and power in feudal society and reviewing literature on the ideas of purity, misogyny and religion, feminist accounts of witch craze, economic and psychological implications of the collapse of feudal family relations, etc.

P/HR/204. Women in UK labour market

The paper examines the issues of workforce diversity reviewing political, social and economic changes that opened new opportunities for women in the UK labour market. The position of women in paid employment is analysed discussing their responses to recent changes in child care regulations, equal opportunities policy, etc.

P/S/114. Gender issues in Amazonian communities

The paper discusses the issues of gender in Cashinahua and Achuar communities living in the Amazon region comparing the roles, responsibilities and typical jobs of women and men in both societies.

P/S/112. Role of technology in gender identity

The paper seeks to understand whether there is a link between masculinity and technology arguing the existence of incompatibility between technology and women. The approach to gender as a social construct is discussed; the role of technology in shaping gender identity is examined.

P/S/111. Family life in Britain: evolution, functions, trends

The paper examine the tendencies in UK family life identifying basic family structures, tracing their evolution from the pre-industrial period and discussing the effects of industrialization on British family. A review of opinions on the functions of family is offered including those of feminists, Marxists, Functionalists, New Rightists, etc. The role of women in the family and the decline of family values are discussed.

P/HR/174. Gender-based paradigm in organisational analysis

The paper discusses the understanding of organizations as gendered environments made up of men and women. Social, biological and business aspects of women subordination, ‘sex-typing etc. are discussed on the basis of a literature review of the ‘masculinity vs. femininity paradigm; the use of gender approach as an interpretive framework for organizational analysis is argued.

E/B/47. Problems of cultural adjustment in female expatriates

The paper addresses the issues of expatriates relocation to an assignment country reviewing literature on cultural adjustment, stages of cultural shock, suggestions for expatriates and international companies, etc. The study focuses on female expatriates experiences overseas discussing options to assist in their cultural adjustment.

P/S/108. Why are women underrepresented in the Middle East labour markets?

The paper addresses the issues of women representation in the labour force seeking to identify causes and consequences of their low participation in the Middle East labour markets. Cultural, religious and economic roots of female unemployment are discussed highlighting the role of women in Islamic society.

P/S/104. Dissertation. Why are women in the minority in senior posts within Welsh civil service?

The dissertation investigates the causes and implications of womens under-representation in senior posts within the Welsh civil service organisations seeking to identify whether the introduction of new policies improved womens positions. The review of literature provides information on the British labour market, women employment, barriers to reach the higher positions faced by women within an organization, part time work and home responsibilities, traditional bureaucratic organizations, Civil Service history and current situation, organisational structure, etc. A case study of the Agency is conducted collecting primary data (through semi-structured interviews) and interpreting them on the basis of secondary data. Conclusions are made about attitudes to promotion and the impacts of modernization programme in Civil Service.

P/S/100. Gender management: female inequality in the workplace

The paper addresses the issues of gendering management reporting on the improvements in womens position in organizations and analyzing the problems that still exist in career opportunities, namely, the ‘glass ceiling, vertical segregation, sexual advances, etc. The importance of dealing with gender inequalities in the workplace is emphasized.

P/S/97. Female participation in sport

The paper looks at womens participation in sport tracing it back to the XIX century Victorian attitudes and reporting on its evolution. Changes in social, medical, aesthetic, commercial and gender approaches to female sport activities are discussed.

P/S/96. Significance of marriage in modern India

The paper examines the institution of marriage in India seeking to identify whether it has evolved since the partition of the country in 1947. The economic, social, cultural and spiritual significance of marriage is analysed on the basis of a literature review highlighting the changes in the position of women in modern India.

P/S/94. Changes in womens position in Turkey

The paper investigates the role of reforms related to womens emancipation in the 19th – 20th century Turkey reviewing academic literature on Turkish socio-political history including pre-Islamic and Islamic Turkish societies, Turkish nationalism, womens rights, conceptions of women, etc.

P/S/93. International development and changes in local cultures

The paper touches upon the theories of development seeking to understand if international development is possible without changing the culture of the area. A review of opinions is provided on the correlation between culture, development, aid, social justice, etc. focusing on the issues of womens rights in different cultures.

S/S/45. While women play a considerable role in production, rural households and families are institutions of considerable gender inequality. Discuss with reference to examples.

This paper will discuss the argument that despite of high productivity level associated with women in rural areas; they often face discrimination at family and household (both terms will be used interchangeably) level. In the beginning, evidences will be provided to assist the argument that rural women take considerable part in production activities at home as well as outside. From the on set, focus of analyzing inequality at household and family level will be on major factors in rural context such as land access, inheritance and ownership, access to education ( for better human capital) and overall perceptions, distribution and/or allocation of intra household resources like food, health and income. Nevertheless, it will also be asserted that gender relations are not always static. These intra household gender dynamics is an intricate issue that may be influenced by culture and/or religious values and can vary according to region, even at inter household levels within a region and most significantly, conditions may be subject to change over time.

P/S/76. Gay and lesbian movement

The paper examines legal, social and political issues of discrimination based on sexual orientation. A review of literature provides a brief history of homosexuality; an overview of the emergence of the homophile and gay liberation movement (associated with Mattachine society and Daughters of Bilitis); the emergence and spread of AIDS; the Christian right's moral condemnation of homosexuality; the court case study Bowers v. Hardwick; etc. In conclusion the author argues the need of electoral and financial support for the lesbian and gay movement.

C/S/16. Gender relations in Libya

This essay looks at the efforts at state led change in gender roles in Libya (the Libyan Arab jamahiriya). It considers the efforts made by Colonel Qadhafi to introduce a more equal position for women. In particular the efforts to have women involved in the military are considered. We assess the success and failure of these state efforts. It concludes that the effort in Libya is a good example of the tension between state driven policies and traditional roles and behaviour.

C/S/14. Giddens and pure relationship/confluent love

This essay considers Anthony Giddens's concepts regarding the nature of pure relationships or confluent love. In particular this means the 'democracy of emotions' that has changed the nature of relationships according to Giddens. It also looks at criticism of his concepts in terms of weakness and strengths that have been noted by others. It concludes that Giddens's concepts do not yet adequately describe normal social reality. Especially that it ignores the high degree of inequality that still prevails.

S/S/26. How would you explain the persistence of gender inequalities in paid employment?

This essay outlines the gendered inequalities in paid employment and considers a number of explanations for such theories: the segmented labour market theory, Walby's theory of patriarchy and Hakim's preference theory. Using empirical evidence and theoretical evaluations this essay proposes a synthesis of these perspectives to present another theory.

P/S/61. Dissertation. Gender roles in Dating

The dissertation looks at the social, psychological and legal aspects of dating in Britain and the USA focusing on the impacts of 'date rape'. The review of literature provides comparative information about dating experiences in various countries showing attitudinal variables on ideas about rape and gender roles among heterosexual and homosexual individuals. The author uses qualitative methods of research collecting primary data through interviews stressing their anonymity and confidentiality. The findings of the research lead to the conclusions about prevailing gender role stereotypes.

P/S/44. Women in the legal profession

The paper addresses the issue of women's marginal position in the jurisprudential community arguing that in spite of the recent changes (e.g. more women are entering the solicitors profession) the status of women is not equal to the status of men. The barriers to the advancement of women are discussed, among them pregnancy, motherhood, authority, etc. Stating that women professionals are a threat to the public/private divide, the paper concludes that the problem lies in traditions and the lifestyle of the profession, and not in the quality and ability of women lawyers.

S/S/18. How have women been used as symbols of community identities?

This essay discusses the ways in which women have been used as symbols of community identities during times of religious conflict. The essay highlights the importance of dress, sexual violence and the role of women within South Asian society. It also considers some reasons as to why women, rather than men, tend hold this symbolic role.

S/S/17. Discuss the interaction of genetic, environmental, cultural, and material factors in the construction of sex and gender

This essay primarily investigates the different principles used by societies in distinguishing between the genders. The genders will be explored here not only on a biological level but as constructions applied by different societies in different ways, using case studies including hunter-gatherer pygmies, the Chewong, the Sambia as studied by Gilbert Herdt, and the transgendered prostitutes of Brazil. Biological factors that differentiate sex/gender from birth are also investigated, including the hormones involved and vital differences at the chromosomal level.

S/M/103. Is Managerial Work Infused with Irreducible Masculine Ethics?

This paper considers whether managerial work is infused with masculine ethics. This is considered initially from a Feminist point of view, and then the position of the Law. The issue of the 'glass-ceiling' for women in business is dealt with, as is the 'Old Boy's Club'. Successful female businesswomen are outlined, including Nicola Horlick and Marie Melnyck.

P/S/21. Dissertation. The gender social dichotomy and the external factors

This dissertation performs a research in gender inequality problem. It is made through exploration of history and evolution of gender in development and effects of social, economic and political factors. For this, the case study in Myanmar is examined; health and education are the factors to consider in the light of gender dichotomy. The dissertations main argument is that theory and practice do not coincide in reality. The qualitative and quantitative approaches are used in the research to backbone the empirical discussion. Finally, the dissertation concludes about gender inequality theorys justice and effect of external environment on the main argument.

P/S/20. Master's dissertation. Health and Education as Tools for Equalising Gender Inequalities in Development

The dissertation aims to identify whether poor health and education are the causes of inequalities between male and female. (Further information is available on request)

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