S/N/46. DRUG PROFILING FOR TELOMERASE INHIBITORS

The paper examines biochemical and genetic features of RNA polymerase Telomerase focusing on the mechanism of its activity in tumor cells and studying different therapies used in Telomerase inhibition in various forms of cancer. An overview of the drugs' clinical development is presented highlighting its challenges and recent trends.

S/N/43. A Discussion of Hebb's Theory of Memory Engrams

This paper gives a comprehensive view of Hebb's famous theory "Neurons fire together, wire together". It discussed the physiological basis of memory formation and manipulation, the classification of memory with the classical theories.

S/N/38. When and Why does Evolution favour Altruism?

This essay looks at theories as to why altruistic behaviour has evolved and under what conditions it would evolve. It looks at the process of evolution from the gene-centred view and highlights that seemingly unadaptive behaviours are in fact beneficial to the organism when looked at more closely.

P/N/116. Thermoregulation in water pythons: review of research paper

The paper reviews the study of thermoregulatory behaviour in water pythons (liasis fuscus) in tropical Australia providing critical commentary on the structure and methods of the research, the measurements of determining the ranges of temperatures in pythons, and the conclusions made by the authors.

P/N/115. Techniques of determining protein structures

The paper reviews genome sequencing projects focusing on the methods of determining protein structures and comparing them in terms of resolution limits and effectiveness in identifying dynamic characteristics of proteins. The challenges of deciphering the human Ëstructural proteomeÌ are outlined.

S/N/36. How do birds navigate using the earth's magnetic field?

This essay discusses the use of the geomagnetic field by migrating birds and homing pigeons during navigation. An avian magnetic inclination compass has been demonstrated in many species of birds, and there is a close association between magnetic and celestial cues. The possibility of an avian magnetic map, which could be used for position finding, is examined.

P/N/111. Role of Zona Limitans Intrathalamica in development of human brain

The paper examines the role of Zona Limitans Intrathalamica (ZLI) in the embryonic development of the human brain reviewing literature on the formation of ZLI, its major functions, the mechanisms of controlling the differentiation of the Diencephalon, etc. Anatomical and developmental importance of ZLI is highlighted.

P/N/110. Role of amphioxus in understanding vertebrate evolution

The paper examines the role of amphioxus in the understanding of vertebrate evolution reviewing academic literature on the evolution of vertebrates, the features of an amphioxus, mesoderm and notochord formation, the absence of neural crest cells, the expression of AP2, the evolution of vertebrate heart, etc.

P/N/123. Cloning amphibians, mammals … and humans?

The paper addresses the issues of reproductive cloning examining the use of cloning technology known as a Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Research in cloning amphibians and mammals is reviewed; the success of the cloned sheep Dolly is discussed; the possibility of cloning humans is argued outlining related physical and ethical problems.

S/N/35. Current Trends in the Biological Sciences

This paper examines the current trends seen in the modern day biological sciences. It highlights the impact of Darwinism on twenty-first century science and explores the three main characteristics of science which have been emerging in recent years - biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology. It touches on stem cell research and cloning and highlights the current and future applications of the Human Genome Project. Furthering this, it also discusses biological warfare in the wake of recent terror threats.

P/N/107. Dissertation. Totipotent potential of dermal cells through gene expression

The dissertation investigates the totipotent potential of dermal cells through gene expression describing the characteristics of embryonic stem (ES) cells, their therapeutic uses and related ethical issues, the isolation of ES cells, somatic stem cells, transcription factors regulating gene expression in ES cells, dermal stem cells, the potential of totipotency, etc. The procedure and details of the experiment are described; its findings are discussed.

P/N/97. Genetic incompatibility and polyandry

The paper examines the origins of polyandry (multiple mating in females) discussing the issues of genetic incompatibility and its implications for behavioural ecology and evolution. The research is based on a comprehensive review of literature related to genetic incompatibility and genetic benefits of polyandry.

C/N/59. Critically discuss the physical, chemical and rheological methods you would select for the testing of wheat flour for use in bakery products

Testing of the physical and chemical characteristic of wheat flour has major implications in determining the quality and texture of the cereals and the resulting quality of the dough used for bakery products. This discussion highlights the various molecular processes of the wheat flour including protein interactions and visco elastic properties of the dough that determine the quality of the bakery products. The role of grain texture, hardness and protein content has been studied and the theological and physicochemical methods for testing the characteristics of wheat flour are discussed in detail suggesting why these methods are important in food production.

P/N/94. Role of p53 in cell cycle and apoptosis

The paper examines the activity of p53, a tumour suppressor protein known as the ‘Guardian of the Genome’, in the cell cycle and apaptosis studying the mechanisms that inhibit the transcription of the gene and other functions important in carcinogenesis.

P/N/93. Dissertation. Heat shock response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The dissertation examines the heat shock response in yeast cells exposed to various environmental conditions studying the effect of membrane ion leakage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells exposed to heat shock in high osmotic medium provided by sorbitol.

P/N/85. Microarrays technology in studying gene expression

The paper examines the use of the microarrays technology (MT) in studying gene expression in pathological conditions. The principles and the types of MT are outlined; microarray experiment is described and analysed; applications of MT are discussed suggesting software programs available for MT analysis.

P/N/84. Expression levels of mRNA and Beta N Acetyl Glucosminidase in human breast cancer cells

The paper seeks to identify the activity of Beta N Acetyl Glucosaminidase (a glycosidase) in human breast cancer cells calculating the enzyme activity levels in different cell lines and showing a positive correlation between the mRNA expression level and the protein activity.

P/N/75. Sound localization ability in owls

The paper examines the mechanisms of directional sound localization in the barn owl (Tylo alba). Neurophysiological techniques of the owls localization ability are examined; experimental studies of ranking visual and auditory information in baby owls are described. The relevance of owl research for humans is argued.

P/N/73. Will there be a great fire of London if they had known what we know now?

The paper takes a look into 17th century Britain describing hygienic situation in London and the outburst of plague as a possible reason for the devastation in the great fire of 1666. The author of the paper attempts to apply contemporary biological knowledge to virtually ‘construct a cleaner environment in the London of that time.

P/N/71. Feto-placental growth: genetic regulation

The paper examines bio-chemical mechanisms of the maternal circulation and the fetus discussing the role of imprinted genes in feto-placental growth. Genetic regulators of fetal growth are outlined; the functions of IGF-II transcript (P0), Grb 10 and Ip1 are highlighted.

P/N/70. DNA methylation patterns in epigenic phase variation

The paper examines epigenetic phase variation mechanisms discussing Pap regulation through environmental cues and providing a review of literature on phase regulation by DNA Methylation.

P/N/53. Human nervous system: ion channels

The paper deals with the neural communication in the human nervous system focusing on the role of ion channels. The functions of ion channels are outlined; the history of the research into the neurons is briefly reviewed. Conclusions are made about the importance of the ion channels study for biological psychology.

P/N/59. Conserving endangered species: the orangutan

The paper raises the issue of ‘conservation concern focusing on the dramatic decline in the primate population over the past years. The reasons for conserving severely endangered primate species (e.g. the orangutan in Borneo and Sumatra) are listed. The causes of their extinction and the conservation strategies for these animals are highlighted including chromosomal analyses. The findings of mitochondrial DNA control are discussed.

P/N/52. Genetic roots of social behaviour in insects

The paper investigates the genetic mechanisms providing for a division of labour and group integration in the so-called social insects. The issues of differentiation of function and behaviour within a society are addressed. The rules of kin selection are discussed with reference to altruistic social behaviour. The genes that can control social behaviour in insects producing benefits for genetic offspring are outlined.

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