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(2008, 2900 words)
The paper examines the evidence base for the treatment and prevention of hamstring injuries providing a review of literature on the basis for treatment and various treatment options including prophylactic measures and the evidence base supporting them.
(2006, 3000 words)
The paper examines the species of malaria known as P.Falciparum discussing its clinical manifestations, distribution, available therapies, parasites' resistance to traditional therapies, and the future prospects for treating the disease.
(2006, 1500 words)
Transcription factors are an important class of protein. They are responsible for the regulation of specific genes where failure is the key cause of disease etiology such as tumorigenesis. As well as promoting transcription, an opposite group are responsible for inhibiting the function of a gene or genetic pathway. These take effect by binding to a gene to form a protein-DNA interaction, thus altering gene transcription. The met-repressor functions to regulate repression of the structural genes involved in the methionine biosynthetic-pathway. It acts on the metJ gene, which itself encodes the met-repressor and its co-repressor, SAM, thereby the gene is self-regulatory. Within this article is a detailed study of the structure and function of the protein with relation to DNA.
(2006, 1500 words)
The paper examines the causes of the cardiovascular disease related to habits such as tobacco smoking, an incorrect diet, etc. and lifestyle. Medical literature is reviewed on the correlation between stress and the development of the Coronary heart disease (CHD), on the personality types associated with CHD, etc.
(2006, 2800 words)
This study is based on the experimental analysis of women wearing high heeled shoes and the relationship between wearing high heeled shoes and manifestation of lumbar lordosis. The pelvic inclinations in women wearing a certain height of heels, the postural changes due to wearing such fashion items have been examined and the nature of back pain as affected by several factors of age, weight and lifestyle have also been discussed. The study shows the relationship between wearing of high heels and lower back pain and related physiological conditions in at least 14 young women in a UK University. In this section, a literature review has been done and studies on back pain and lumbar lordosis have been extensively analysed. Diseases associated with lifestyle changes and fashion consciousness is an issue here and exercise habits, lifting habits, occupational patterns are also noted as possible causes of back pain. Age, and genetic factors are equally important in determining whether a person is predisposed to low back pain and related disease conditions although this study is primarily focused on one aspect of lifestyle, as using a particular type of footwear and its relation to back problems.
(2006, 2000 words)
The paper addresses the issue of global health problems focusing on the spread of HIV infection and AIDS reviewing current drugs affecting various components of the HIV, reporting on the research performed within the framework of the European AIDS Vaccine Integrated Project (AVIP), describing the ËStop AIDSÌ campaign, etc.
(2006, 3000 words)
Osteoporosis has been one of the silent public health problems and recent studies suggest that the incidence of disorder is slated to rise in the next few decades. This paper provides an in-depth evaluation of the public health problem. Commencing with an overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of the disease, the paper then dives into the role of various nutritional factors vis-à-vis Calcium and Vitamin D. The paper compares the recommended daily intakes between countries and makes recommendation for the UK reference values in light of the recent research data.
(2006, 3500 words)
The paper examines the problems of female reproduction reviewing biomedical research of the mechanisms that prevent ovulation and focusing on amenorrhoea, or the absence of cyclical menstruation for over two months in non-pregnant women. The common causes of the condition are outlined describing the methods of treatment.
(2005, 3000 words)
The paper examines the factors behind the rise of cosmetic surgery in present day society discussing the issues of ‘image obsession’, reviewing the theories related to the role of the body in contemporary consumer culture, evaluating the causes and consequences of cosmetic surgery and the forms of its advertising.
(2006, 2000 words)
The paper examines the application of biomedical engineering in treating damaged skin tissue addressing the problems of skin replacement following burn injuries. The structure, functions and properties of skin are reviewed outlining the degrees of burn injuries. Replacement methods for the third degree burns are described highlighting the existing treatments and discussing the benefits of stem cell technology.
(2006, 1500 words)
The paper discusses the issues of artistic body modification, i.e. face lifts, liposuction, inserting implants, etc. Literature is reviewed on the origins of cosmetic surgery, recent developments in ‘body maintenance’, controversial attitudes to cosmetic operations, etc.
(2004, 2000 words)
The paper examines the psychological effect of placebo, a non-pharmaceutical sugary pill, reviewing literature related to the topic and discussing controversial opinions on whether it can be used to heal more serious illnesses.
(2006, 1600 words)
Globalisation has touched the crucial issue of world health, in the same way, how it touched many other vibrant issues. It has surfaced with many positive trends that are helpful to mankind; at the same time, it has also brought many more negative trends that are difficult to be ironed out. The culture shock, unnecessary media glare, exposure to unwanted attention had been difficult for the remote societies of East who had successfully shunned from tabloid attention. At the same time, due to such media attention, matters like health are coming to the forefront, showing inadequacy and unavoidable comparisons. This does not mean in any way that the developing countries have erred. They have taken excellent measures according to their circumstances. Still a collective and continuous world effort is necessary for eradication of poverty, hunger, ignorance and environmental degradation.
(2006, 1800 words)
Diabetes care management is a challenging aspect of health care services as diabetes has several long terms effects including death and disability. The clinical standards for diabetes management have been provided by the NHS establishing a framework which should be implemented for effective diabetes treatment and care. We begin our analysis with identification of the clinical standards recommended by the NHS for diabetes management and then use research cases to highlight the problems in implementation of standards and the changes necessary within the care framework. The special focus of this paper is on insulin injection techniques and various traditional and advanced techniques of insulin therapy have been discussed with recommendations for more effective forms of therapy and practice.
(2006, 2000 words)
We consider the ethical, legal and moral aspects of respect for the patient. Taking reference from extensive legal, professional and ethical authors. We trace the elements of respect back to Hippocrates and consider current legal precedents in the area. We also highlight the respect issue in a personal observation of a patient and apply the theory discussed to a practical predicament and reflect on the outcomes. The whole is fully referenced with 25 contemporary references.
(2006, 1400 words)
Pregnancy brings with it several issues and concerns for sexual health and pregnant women are thoroughly assessed for signs of any sexually transmitted disease or related infections. This discussion focuses on the issues related to sexually transmitted diseases in pregnant women and examines the role of the midwife for antenetal and postnatal care and highlights the psychological and sociological issues associated with being HIV positive during pregnancy suggesting the implications for clinical practice.
(2006, 1600 words)
This essay considers the various aspects of shin splints. Their presentation, their pathophysiology the clinical features, the aetiology and commonly associated condition (commonly misdiagnosed) together with on overview of the elements of treatment. There is a longer section in conclusion that considers the role of the podiatrist in the gait assessment of shin splints together with a scientific assessment of the causes.
(2006, 1700 words)
This paper examines the various ways in which carers and patients could be educated. Various theories and approaches are analysed, including how to effectively work as a team. Evidence-based medicine is also analysed in order to show how research can inform how to best educate carers and patients.
(2005, 1000 words)
This is a case study and discussion. Student nurse is shocked to find a patient being in complete denial of a diagnosis of terminal cancer. We discuss the literature on the subject and reflect on the findings. We consider the ethical dimension of the case. We present a resolution of the case after reflection on the main issues.
(2005, 4200 words)
This paper presents the main issues concerned with combining ultrasound together with other techniques (mostly biochemical techniques) in order to achieve better results in screening and diagnosis of the foetus. The various possibilities are discussed together with their respective advantages and disadvantages. A hypothesis is illustrated which aims to test whether the combination of these two techniques leads to better outcomes and results.
(2003, 4000 words)
The paper seeks to identify the activity of Beta N Acetyl Glucosaminidase (a glycosidase) in human breast cancer cells calculating the enzyme activity levels in different cell lines and showing a positive correlation between the mRNA expression level and the protein activity.
(2005, 1500 words)
The paper examines lactate testing techniques focusing on the maximum lactate steady state (MLSS) also known as anaerobic threshold, or lactate threshold. Lactate testing methods determining the MLSS are reviewed; their accuracy in defining MLSS is evaluated on the basis of the data obtained from the analysis of the Incremental Exercise test and Lactate Minimum test.
(2005, 3000 words)
The paper examines the theoretical and practical issues of hip resurfacing describing the history of surface replacement, the introduction of new techniques, the enduring reliability of a modernised hip prosthesis and medical orthopaedic implants. Successes and disadvantages of hip resurfacing versus conventional arthroplasty are discussed.
(2005, 2600 words)
The paper contains the short description of the background history of matronship in British hospitals. The current role of
modern matrons was discussed, main weaknesses and strengthens of this new post were identified. The issues of the leadership,
future perspectives in the researches and clinical governance were underlined.
(2005, 850 words)
The review contains analysis of the problems related to the usage of antimicrobial growth promoters in livestock and
poultry feeding. The mechanisms of antibiotic resistance caused by the exposure to antimicrobial agents were discussed. The
problems of health care providing for patients sensibilizing to the action of antibiotics and resistant to usual
antimicrobial treatment were described and the necessity of further researches was emphasized in the review.
(2005, 3000 words)
The paper is divided into following sections: introduction (containing a brief statement about the focus of essay,
objectives and search strategy), essay body including subsections: Definition, CLINICAL FORMS and THEIR pathophysiology,
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND PROGNOSIS IN STROKE PATIENTS and EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE IN CRITICAL CARE OF STROKE PATIENTS and
conclusion. The analysis of the current views on the pathophysiology of stroke explored to the requirements in the modern
nursing practice. There was shown the contribution of multidisciplinary team members in the clinical interventions. The roles
of nurses in NHS plan and research perspectives in the field of critical care of the neurosciences patients were discussed.
(2005, 3000 words)
The paper is divided into following sections: introduction (containing a brief statement about the focus of essay,
objectives and search strategy), essay body including subsections: The history of problem; Physiology of INTRACRANIAL
PRESSURE; MANAGEMENT, Measurement and monitoring of intracranial pressure and conclusion. The analysis of the current views
on the pathophysiology of intracranial hypertension and its complications explored to the requirements in the modern nursing
practice. The evidence level of retrieved information sources was analysed. There was shown the contribution of
multidisciplinary team members in the clinical interventions. The roles of nurses in NHS plan and research perspectives in
the field of critical care of the neurosciences patients were discussed.
(2005, 2000 words)
This paper explores the care of a palliative patient in the community. It examines the various support structures in place
to assist someone dying in the home, both nationally in the form of government legislation, and locally in the form of
effective interprofessional teamwork. The far reaching impact of caring for a dying patient is explored, incorporating
communication analysis.
(2004, 1000 words)
The paper studies the effects of drugs on neuromuscular junction between the nerve and the skeletal muscle examining
biochemical mechanisms of its inhibition and augmentation of neuromuscular transmission. Clinical uses of both blocking and
enhancing drugs are discussed.
(2004, 1000 words)
The paper looks at the origin, symptoms and treatment of Parkinson's disease; bio-chemical and medical effects and
side-effect of various anti-Parkinsons drugs are described.
(2004, 6000 words)
The paper examines the immunologic, biochemical, clinical and social aspects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
infection leading to the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The issues related to the management and prevention of
HIV are discussed highlighting the methods of HIV diagnosing, modes of HIV transmission, health policies with respect to HIV,
etc.
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