C/H/36. Role of partisan activity during World War II

The paper examines the importance of partisan activity for the Axis defeat in World War II focusing on the partisan resistance in Southern and South Eastern Europe. National features of partisan movements are described considering some of most successful and significant attacks of the partisans/irregular forces.

S/H/132. In different periods Greeks have belonged to different 'world empires'. Describe the different contexts in which the Greeks have lived and discuss how these empires have affected their role and the way they have thought about themselves

The paper examines the role of Greece in world history considering the peculiar elements of Greek political and cultural life, discussing the Greek epics, the spread of Christianity, the impact of the Ottoman rule, etc.

C/H/20. Does David Irving symbolize a crisis in history?

This discussion is not going to explore whether David Irving is right in his view in regards to his denial of the extremes that occurred within the Holocaust; rather it is going to ask whether he has the right to deny it. The crisis in history in the case of David Irving may not be the fact that he denied the Holocaust, but the fact that he was imprisoned for this belief. The question of whether one believes David Irving or not is the evidence that we have to produce, but both sides of the argument has to be available for the individual to discern for themselves. If evidence, such as David Irving's, is suppressed this breeds ignorance and greater danger of anti-Semitic believes and incitement and as Lipstadt argues his view should not be suppressed by the law, but exposed academics rebuttal through evidence and truth.

S/H/79. Discuss and assess the underlying factors leading to the formation of the European coal and steel community in 1951

The paper takes an insight into the history of merging European coal, iron, and steel economies into the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) reviewing the political and economic situation in post-war Europe, the steps towards European integration, the impact of the Great Depression, etc.

C/H/13. Approaches to History: "The ruling ideas of each age have ever been the ideas of its ruling classes". [the communist manifesto, 1848] How far does power influence the production of historical knowledge?

This essay will argue justice; punishment, rule of law and the autonomy of the individual are governed and identified by a history created by the oligarchy. Nietzsche and Marx argue that the rule of law through morality is a method to support the will of the moral elite's rule and creators of history. This society strengthened itself through institutionalizing these morals in rules of law and when this point in history is achieved society is strong, but the autonomy of the individual is overridden unless part of the moral elite. The moral elite holds a certain amount of autonomy and one of the indicators of this position is the ability to mete out mercy. There are theorists, such as Durkheim and Weber that argue that individuals can forge a new set of morals and principles that re-writes history and eliminate their position of subservience. This essay will explore these arguments and look at the definition of law, which has been written by the history of the elite to enslave the masses.

S/H/76. To what extent did economic problems undermined democratic regimes in Europe in the inter-war years?

The paper examines the influence of the economic depression following WW1 on the collapse of the democratic movements in Europe reviewing academic studies of the crisis of capitalism, the modern history of Germany, etc.

S/H/64. By 1936, Hitler Was on the Road to War. Do You Agree?

The paper begins by discussing the military build up in Germany during the 1930's. Then there is a section on the German economy of the period, followed by a discussion of German society. There is also an analysis of the missed opportunities to avoid war during the 1930's before finally, briefly, discussing the character of Hitler himself.

S/H/62. Giraldus Cambrensis on Ireland

This essay looks at the views of Giraldus Cambrensis on Ireland. It begins by looking at his life and historiography behind his work, before going on to discuss the main problems that his work leads us to. There is also a detailed discussion of Bede and his views on the same subject matter.

S/H/55. Russian Revolution of October 1917

This paper examines the October Revolution of 1917. It examines how the revolution itself was actually a culmination of 100 years of political unrest in Russia. While the Bolshevik Revolution was the beginning of Lenin's plans to reorganize the Soviet government, the actual outcomes was a bloody civil war between the two factions of the Socialist party.

S/H/53. Was the inability of the political factions to agree basic strategies the main reason for the failure of the Second Republic?

This paper considers the dynamics of republican Spain between 1931 and 1936 and the factors that inhibited stable government. Regionalism, the role of the Church, the question of land and the status of the Spanish army had been thorny issues that had divided Spain for decades prior to the formation of the Second Republic and these issues dominated the agenda of its politics. Additionally, the Second Republic needs to be examined in the context of the time it was established. In the wake of world depression and intense socio-political conflict, conditions were favourable to the development of extremist groups from both left and right, drawing on Soviet communism and German and Italian fascism for precedent.

S/H/43. The year 1934 was the most dramatic in the CominternÌs history. Discuss with reference to France

The paper considers how events in France in 1934 contributed to the shift in Comintern tactics towards the popular front. It examines the roles and influence of the PCF, Dmitrov and Stalin in the demise of the moribund third period tactic of social fascism. The paper covers the period between the Thirteenth Plenum of the ECCI in December 1933 and the Seventh Comintern Congress in the summer of 1935 but focuses in particular on the February 6 riots and their aftermath together with Dmitrov's rise with the International and the free rein he was given by Stalin from the spring of 1934.

S/H/27. How did contemporaries react to the growth in consumption of luxury products such as coffee, tea, sugar and tobacco?

The eighteenth century saw a growth in consumption of luxury products. This paper focuses on the growth of colonial products such as coffee, tea, sugar and tobacco. These were previously luxury commodities but by the end of the century, they were almost considered necessities. A collection of contemporary views reflect the sentiments of the time and how the consumption of these ingestible products tied in with poverty and riches in Europe. The growth of these products fuelled the Enlightenment debate and tied in with the growth of colonialism.

P/H/72. Yugoslavia: causes of break-up

The paper examines the causes of the Yugoslavian break-up in 1980s -1990s reviewing the post-war political and economic situation in the country, Tito’s new constitution, the implications of fall of the Soviet Union, the conflict of interest between the former republics of Yugoslavia, etc.

P/H/70. Influence of Rousseau on French revolution

The paper examines the contribution of Jean Jacques Rousseau to the French revolution and counter-revolution reviewing academic opinions on the implications of his cult, the ideas of his ‘Social Contract’, the understanding of the ‘general will’ principle, the development of Rousseau’s political thought, etc.

P/H/63. German’s atrocities in Belgium during WW1

The paper examines the historical significance of the pamphlets by Bedier and Bryce on the evidence of the German’s atrocities in Belgium during the First World War arguing the objectivity of their narration. The backgrounds and political views of both authors are described; differences in their modes of presenting material are highlighted.

P/H/34. Italian Unification

The paper looks at the history of Italy in the second half of the nineteenth century centring around the process of Italian unification. The activities of the political figures of the period are discussed focusing on the principal protagonists of the unification, i.e. Cavour and Mazzini.

P/H/33. Constitutional monarchy in France: social and political analysis

The paper looks at the history of France in the first half of the 19th century after the abdication of Napoleon. The economic, political and social impacts of the revolution are discussed highlighting the policy of the royalists towards the middle class and accounting for the reasons why the petty bourgeoisie felt bad about the new regime.

S/H/20. Cossacks and Clerics. Religion, Rebellion and Kyivs Road to Muscovy. 1569-1654

This paper addresses the triangular relationship that existed between Catholicism, the socio-cultural antagonisms between Poles and non-Poles and the political struggles of the Polish and Ukrainian nobility in the Polish East (Ukraine). The papers central theme is that the Polish presence in the eastern borderlands that became Ukraine acted as the catalyst for the rise of Cossackdom and their eventual alienation from Polish culture, religion and rule; in time moving closer to Orthodox Moscow for protection of the Cossack Orthodox faith and their independence which was threatened by hostile Catholic Poles. The Orange Revolution witnessed in 2004 was the most recent victorious example of how Ukraine has spent the last 350 years trying to step out of the shadow of Russian influence. How Ukraine initially stepped into that shadow is what this paper explains. Major issues addressed in this work included the struggles between the Catholic and Orthodox churches, the dynamics of the gentry system that involved Poles and the Cossack culture, the politics between the Polish elites and the Russians, and the 1648 rebellion that led to Ukraine leaving the Polish orbit and drifting towards that of the Russians. The Jewish presence in Poland and Ukraine is also heavily addressed and presented as a significant variable in this equation. In its entirety this work is 25 pages double-spaced and is 7102 words long. There is a colored picture on the front and a bibliography of 19 sources. This work was done for a senior history seminar on Early-Modern Europe. The work is also marked with footnotes on each page, in total numbering 71. This is a detailed work that was thoroughly researched.

P/H/19. Eamon de Valera and the 1937 Constitution of Ireland

The paper looks back at the situation in Ireland in 1937 when a new constitution of the country was drawn by Eamon de Valera, the Irish anti-colonial leader and later the Prime Minister of Ireland, or Eire. The symbolic aspects of the constitution with regard to Gaelic culture are addressed. De Valera's political views are outlined in the context of Ireland's relations with Britain, the British Empire and the Catholic Church. The process of work at the draft of the constitution is described

S/H/10. What were the Reasons for the outbreak of the Crimean War?

This essay details both the short-term and long-term causes of the Crimean War and explains in detail the main reasons for the Crimean War occurring. These explanations include descriptions of the condition and standing of the European Power countries at that time, the decline and demise of the Turkish Empire, the disagreements between Russia and France over the religious issue ('the Holy Places') and finally the mobilization of Prussia and Austria-Hungary over the matter of Russian aggressiveness.

Page 2>