S/M/192. Why might firms reject hierarchical organisational structures in favour of flatter structures?

Briefly outlines the basic differences between flat and hierarchical structures and then considers a number of theories to explain the reason for a firm rejecting the latter. Consideration is given to the impact of information technology; the affect of increased competition and the need to reduce costs on spans of control; Piore and Sabel's flexible specialisation thesis; the need for flexible working due to changing demographics; the effects of flatter structures on productivity through empowerment of employees