C/L/59. Outline the major crime control or major criminal justice issues that are faced by the advanced democratic countries

It is argued that although there are many methods of controlling criminal activities, such as legislation and policing for example, there are various other more important issues that have to be regulated such as parental discipline, poverty and unemployment for example, before the above mentioned methods will be working effectively and the overall aim of the crime reduction will be achieved. The author chose the most important and the oldest methods of crime control; punishment, penalty and sentencing and analysed and evaluated what effect they have at present time, hence providing an adequate answer for the essay question.